Basic Facts About Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a condition that affects many Filipinos. Research concludes that due to westernization and urbanization that result to changes in diet and lifestyle, diabetes has produced an impact in developing and third-world countries, including the Philippines. Although there are no specific data as regards the incidence of diabetes in our country, scientific studies from abroad have shown that Asia will see the greatest number of people with diabetes by 2025.

Diabetes? What is it?

Diabetes are conditions that involve problems with the hormone called insulin.

Basic about insulin

Insulin is a natural hormone created by our bodies by the organ known as pancreas or “lapay” in tagalog. When we take in carbohydrates from the foods that we eat (rice, bread, wheat), our body breaks down the carbohydrates and transforms it into glucose (a form of sugar) that then goes into the bloodstream. The hormone insulin works by “opening our cells” so that glucose can enter the cells and they use the sugar up to provide energy to the body. When there is not enough insulin, glucose remains in the bloodstream and cannot provide energy to the cells and to the body.

When the body’s cells are unable to receive and use glucose for energy, diabetes, type 2 (T2D) develops. Type 2 diabetes is common in adults. Thus, it is sometimes referred to as adult-onset diabetes mellitus. When the body does not produce insulin because of some genetic or inborn problem, type 1 diabetes starts (T1D). Thus, it is also called juvenile onset diabetes mellitus.

How do you know if you have diabetes?

When glucose remains in the bloodstream because it could not enter the cells, blood sugar level increases. Persistent increases in blood sugar levels make you diabetic. Consult your doctor for examinations and validating examinations for you to know if you really have diabetes.

Are there other factors that can affect blood sugar?

The food that you eat, lack of exercise, being overweight, presence of other illness (like hypertension), stress, skipping meals (over dieting), and alcohol affect blood sugar levels.

Can diabetes be reversed?

Yes. Diabetes may change over time. Your doctor can adjust your treatment plan to deal with these changes. He will also advise you with proper nutrition and will recommend physical activities to help control your blood sugar levels. If diabetes is left untreated, it may be harder to manage because of the deterioration of your pancreas.